EW Academy · Contents · Nederlandse versie
EW Academy — contents
A free learning environment for novice electronic warfare specialists: the electromagnetic spectrum, radar, infrared, laser, missile guidance, ECM/EPM/ESM, counter-UAS and EMSO.
2Basic arithmetic, quantities and units
The arithmetic toolbox: quantities, units, frequency, powers of 10, the speed of light, temperature and the position concepts azimuth, elevation and range.
3The electromagnetic spectrum
What electromagnetic waves are, their properties (wavelength, frequency, amplitude, phase), interference, the structure of the EMS and the basics of AM and FM.
4Military applications within the EMS
Which parts of the spectrum are used for what: radar, infrared, visible light and laser — with their strengths and limitations.
5Radar
The complete radar chapter: from basic operation and the radar equation to pulse radar, Doppler, CW/FMCW, passive radar, antennas and resolution.
6Infrared
Thermal radiation as a sensor: the division of the IR spectrum, active and passive infrared systems, and the physical limitations of IR.
7Laser and military applications
What makes laser special (coherent, monochromatic, collimated), CW and pulsed applications, and the two workhorses: the rangefinder and the designator.
8Executing the fire control sequence using the EMS
From detection to destruction: the fire control sequence, the early warning radar, target acquisition and the techniques of the target tracking radar.
9Missile Guidance
How a missile finds its target: components and intercept phases, beam riding, command guidance, homing (SARH, passive, active), TVM and navigation guidance.
10What is Electronic Warfare?
The definition of Electronic Warfare and its three pillars: Electronic Counter Measures, Electronic Protective Measures and Electronic Support Measures.
11Electronic Counter Measures
The attacking side of EW: noise and deceptive jamming, cover pulses, decoys, chaff, flares, DIRCM, stealth and counter-IR tactics.
12Electronic Protective Measures
The defensive side of EW: how sensors and weapons keep working under jamming — avoiding it, homing on it, or burning through it.
13EW: Electronic Support Measures
The listening pillar of EW: how ESM systems detect and identify emissions, with the Radar Warning Receiver and the Missile Approach Warning System.
14GNSS and navigation warfare
Satellite navigation as an EW target: operating principle, frequencies and codes (C/A, P(Y), M), processing gain, jamming and spoofing, and protection with CRPA, FRPA, M-code and INS coupling.
15SEAD & DEAD
The offensive counterpart of the IADS (§ 8): suppressing (SEAD) or destroying (DEAD) enemy air defences. Breaking the detect–track–engage kill chain, anti-radiation missiles, decoys, stand-off vs stand-in jamming, Wild Weasel and burn-through, with a calculator.
16New concepts in EW
Two modern pillars of today's EW: cognitive & adaptive EW (learning and adapting in real time, beyond the fixed threat library) and spread spectrum (processing gain, FHSS, DSSS, LPI/LPD) as the technical basis for jam-resistant and intercept-resistant links.
17Counter-UAS & drone EW
Drones as a dominant factor and EW as the primary countermeasure: the two links to attack (C2 and GNSS), detection (RF, radar/micro-Doppler, EO/IR, acoustics), defeat methods, and lessons from Ukrainian open sources (Pokrova, Bukovel-AD, Pole-21, fibre-optic FPV).
18Doctrine & EMSO
The doctrinal framework above the technology: Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations (EMSO/JEMSO), the spectrum as an operational domain, fratricide and deconfliction, spectrum management, EMCON and EM Battle Management — with references to NATO and US doctrine.
19Directed Energy Weapons
Concentrated EM energy as a weapon: High-Energy Laser (HEL) and High-Power Microwave (HPM). How they work, their pros and cons, the spectrum of effects from dazzle to destroy, counter-DEW, and why DEW blurs the line between soft kill (EA) and hard kill.
20Terms & abbreviations
An alphabetical reference of the most important EW abbreviations and terms in this course, with a short meaning and a reference to the chapter where they are explained. Searchable through the search bar.
21Space & SATCOM EW
The EM part of counterspace: the three satellite segments, uplink vs downlink jamming, spoofing/meaconing and dazzling, SATCOM jamming in Ukraine (with the Russian Starlink jammer Peresvet-M as a case study), and protection through spread spectrum and spot beams. GNSS warfare (§14) as a special case.
22CEMA: cyber & EW
The convergence of cyber and EW into Cyber and Electromagnetic Activities (CEMA): two disciplines with one target, the spectrum as a wireless attack route, how they come together (drone takeover, GNSS spoofing), and the doctrine (FM 3-12, the CEMA cell).
23Threat-reference deck
A concise reference of representative threat systems, with the emphasis on common Russian systems: SAMs, MANPADS, radars broken down by role (from Early Warning to fire control), and ARMs/EW platforms. Open-source and indicative; a supplement to the glossary (§20).
24Communications EW & SIGINT
The communications side of EW: SIGINT (COMINT vs ELINT), and above all communications jamming (COMJAM) — the J/S contest at the receiver, types of jamming, smart/protocol-aware jamming, spread spectrum and mesh networks (DSSS, FHSS, MANET), and geolocation through TDOA/FDOA.
25Multi-sensor detection & sensor fusion
Why no single sensor is enough: radar, passive RF/ESM, EO/IR and acoustics with their strengths and weaknesses, combining them through cueing and correlation (data, feature and decision fusion), the challenges, and what this means for both detection and EW.
26EW test, training & simulation
How EW is validated and exercised: the test ladder from digital model via hardware-in-the-loop and anechoic chamber to open-air range, threat simulators and the threat library, battle damage assessment for EW (did it work?), and the spectrum paradox of realistic training.
27Sources & accountability
The complete source register: which open sources and publications were used for every chapter, which reference framework applies and how to read the content.